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The impact of two-dimensional versus three-dimensional ultrasound exposure on maternal-fetal attachment and maternal health behavior in pregnancy

机译：二维和三维超声暴露对孕妇母胎依恋和孕产妇健康行为的影响

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Objective: To explore the impact of timing and type of ultrasound, particularly three-dimensional (3D), exposure on maternal-fetal attachment and maternal health behavior during pregnancy. Methods: Subjects were 68 women aged 18 years or older expecting their first child who presented for a routine ultrasound scan at around either 12 or 18 weeks' gestation in Nepean Hospital, Western Sydney. Women completed questionnaires assessing maternal-fetal attachment and health behavior, and were then allocated arbitrarily to either two-dimensional (2D) or 3D ultrasound examination. Repeat questionnaires were completed 1 week later. Results: Maternal-fetal attachment increased after both 2D and 3D ultrasound exposure, and the effect was moderated by the timing of exposure, with women receiving their first ultrasound examination at around 12 weeks showing the greatest change. Alcohol consumption was the only behavior to show significant change following ultrasound exposure, with a reduction in the reported average number of drinks per week. There was no significant difference in the pattern of change for 2D compared with 3D ultrasound exposure, and no effect of ultrasound exposure on maternal perception of the fetus. Conclusions: Ultrasound has a positive impact on maternal-fetal attachment, particularly in the first trimester. 3D ultrasound did not offer enhanced benefits. Associations between ultrasound exposure and alcohol consumption warrant further investigation. Larger samples are needed to clarify the moderating effects of gestational age and type of ultrasound exposure.
机译：目的：探讨超声的时机和类型，尤其是三维（3D）暴露对怀孕期间母婴依恋和孕产妇健康行为的影响。方法：对象为68名18岁以上的妇女，他们的第一个孩子在西悉尼Nepean医院的妊娠12或18周左右接受常规超声检查。妇女们完成了评估母婴依恋和健康行为的问卷，然后被任意分配到二维（2D）或3D超声检查中。 1周后完成重复问卷调查。结果：2D和3D超声暴露后母婴附着增加，并且暴露的时间减轻了这种影响，女性在12周左右接受第一次超声检查显示出最大的变化。饮酒是超声暴露后唯一显着变化的行为，据报道每周平均饮酒量有所减少。与3D超声暴露相比，2D的变化模式没有显着差异，并且超声暴露对胎儿的母体感觉没有影响。结论：超声对产妇-胎儿的依恋有积极影响，尤其是在孕早期。 3D超声未提供增强的好处。超声暴露与饮酒之间的关联值得进一步研究。需要更大的样本来阐明胎龄和超声暴露类型的调节作用。

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